Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without ever decrypting it. This breakthrough solves one of blockchain’s biggest challenges: maintaining privacy on public, transparent ledgers. FHE smart‑contracts enable sensitive financial transactions, private voting, and secure AI operations directly on-chain, preserving confidentiality without losing verifiability. This course provides a comprehensive guide to understanding FHE concepts, cryptographic schemes, and how these techniques integrate into modern blockchain architectures.
This course introduces the fundamentals of homomorphic encryption and explores its practical application in blockchain smart‑contracts. It begins with the core principles of FHE and progresses into cryptographic schemes like BFV, CKKS, and TFHE, followed by hands‑on understanding of FHE‑enabled architectures such as the FHEVM and confidential rollups. Case studies from leading projects like Zama and Fhenix highlight real-world deployments, while the final module addresses current challenges, best practices, and future directions, including hardware acceleration and regulatory considerations.